
Kris Young (Sales Agronomist, Region 6 – Kansas & Missouri)
The 2013 corn and soybean harvest is finally winding down here in the Southern Region (Kansas and Missouri). I think we would all agree it has been another unique year in terms of the growing season. When we contrast the past three growing seasons, we have seen wide swings in winter and spring moisture, planting dates, in-season rainfall, timing of in-season rainfall, severity of heat and timing of heat. As a result, corn hybrid performance can change year to year due to different growing conditions.
The growing season for 2013 started out cool and wet during the spring, which pushed back planting dates anywhere from 1-2 months later than usual. Most growers were very hesitant about planting corn as late as mid to late May and some switched to soybeans based on the assumption that July would be hot and dry. For most of the region, July was a complete opposite of last year with cooler temperatures and above average rainfall. Depending on planting dates and hybrid maturity, we had many 100-140 bu/ac dryland yields and some as high as 200 bu/ac. Overall, corn yields under irrigation were very good with most field averages in the 180-210 bu/ac range.
While the milder temperatures and additional rainfall in July were positive, in general, for corn yield performance, we did have some instances where we saw the top end yield reduced due to prolonged cloudy days and cooler daytime temperatures (<800F). In high yield environments such as under irrigation, consecutive cloudy days with cooler temperatures can reduce photosynthesis within the plant causing it not to be able to move the necessary carbohydrates into the ear. As a result, kernels at the tip of the ear begin to abort causing ears to tip back reducing corn yields. Certain hybrids respond more negatively to this and may have significantly lower yields versus other hybrids.
The different weather pattern we saw in July brought some different diseases. For the first time, we had Goss’s Wilt confirmed in several fields in Central Kansas. Goss’s Wilt is a bacterial disease that overwinters in corn residue and can be detrimental to corn yields of susceptible hybrids. The only means of controlling this disease is planting corn hybrids that are genetically tolerant to the disease. Most companies have Goss’s Wilt ratings on their corn hybrids. Growers that are planting corn in Goss’s Wilt areas or are planting corn-on-corn should be planting corn hybrids with very good tolerance to Goss’s Wilt. Producers Hybrids has some of the best genetic tolerance to Goss’s Wilt in the corn industry. Our corn hybrids in the 108-day and later have excellent Goss’s Wilt tolerance. These products include 7013VT2RIB, 7224VT3PRIB, 7393VT2RIB, 7413VT2RIB, 7574VT3PRIB and 7623VT2RIB.
For most of the region, the mild weather of July quickly switched to very hot and dry conditions in August and early September. This cool, wet weather followed by hot, dry weather caused many corn hybrids to get Anthracnose stalk rot during the later stages of grain fill. This stalk rot can cause corn hybrids to prematurely shutdown, reducing corn yields and increasing stalk lodging. Again, many hybrids reacted differently to this based on their genetic tolerance and/or their stage of growth at the time of infection.
Corn hybrid performance varied considerably across the region this year given the range in planting dates and different growing conditions. Key corn hybrids in the region are 7013VT2RIB, 7224VT3PRIB, 7413VT2RIB, 7574VT3PRIB and 7623VT2RIB. While all of these products had good performance this year, no single hybrid dominated plots or side-by-sides as we have occasionally seen in the past. As a result, growers should plant a package of hybrids (minimum of three) across the farm to help manage the risk of one hybrid failing due to genetic limitations or timing of weather.
Soybean product performance was excellent across the region this year. Key products for Kansas and Missouri include 3602NR2, 3801NR2, 3802NR2, 3900NSR2, 4101NSR2 and 4500NR2. All of these products have good yield potential, excellent stress tolerance and good tolerance to sudden death syndrome. Our highest yielding variety was 3801NR2 which dominated all high yield locations, especially under irrigation.
Our P3 plot program for both corn and soybeans was a success this year. We had several locations across the region allowing us to showcase our new and key products and gather more yield comparisons of new products and against key competitors. I want to thank all of our Premier Partners and DSMs for their time and dedication planting, signing and harvesting these plots. We plan to further expand and improve the P3 plot system next year.
I wish you all a HAPPY THANKSGIVING!